Pulvebized fuel



(No Model.)

J.B.HY DE. K MEANS FOR FEEDING PULVBRIZBD FUEL. No. 274.77 PatentedMar.27,1883.

WITNESSES: mvmros' UNIT D STATES:

PATENT, OFFICE.

J. BURnows HYDE, "on NEW YORK, N. Y.

MEANS FCR FEEDING PULVERIZED FUEL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 274,778, dated March27, 1883.

Applicationfiled May 20, 1882. (No model.)

T0 allow/tom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J. BURROWS HYDE, a citizen of the United States ofAmerica, residing at New York, in the county of New York and State ofNew York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Means forFeeding Pulverized Fuel, of which the follow in g is aspecification,reference being had there in to the accompanying drawings.

My improvement consists in a novel method 1 of preparing and using peatymatters'for calorific purposes in treating minerals or metals;

also for use in chemical manipulations, steam generation, and otherpurposes in the arts; and my invention includes an apparatus forfeedheating value of the fuel. The calorific power of good peat is,pound for pound/equal to that of mineral coal. A ton of such peat willyield,

on distillation, ten thousand to fifteen thousand cubic feetof gas offive to ten candle power, and

five hundred to seven hundred pounds superior quality charcoal. 1ttherefore'possesses great. heating-power.

Theashes are fine and so very light that the slightest draft in theflues sweeps them into the chimney, leaving the heating-surfaces freefrom deposit, and clean iron ore treated with this powdered peatproduces superior charcoal-iron. The peat-should be dug from the bed andspread on the ground a few inches deep, or, better, if upon raisedplatforms, and when well dried should be ground fine in any proper millfor the purpose; but as such peat'dried directlyfrom the bed is. usuallylight, spongy, and friable, it will be increased in specific gravity,and greatly improved as fuel if it be passed out from the bed through akind of pug mill or masticator, from which it should flow in a smoothhomogeneous mass, and then be spread,'dried, and ground into finepowder, as described. This peat product from the drying bed will be hardand compact as mineral coal, and itsground'particles will not pack inthe mill, and yet be found dense and substantiah This prepared peathaving been ground to a fine powder, it cannot be utilized unless blowninto the furnace or com bastion-chamber in a diffused cloud likecondition of uniform density by a current of hot or cold air, steam, orother projecting medium working directly in connection with thepulverizeir through a proper conductor from the mill to the furnace, butgenerally requiring special apparatus therefor, and which constitutesthe second portion of my invention, consisting as follows, (seedrawings, side and end elevations, Figures 1 and2:) v

00 represents a covered supply hopper, into which the pulverized peat isplaced and below which the feed hopper b is secured, between whichreceptacles is a division, c, provided with a slide, 8, forming thebottom of a and top of b, the opening ofwhich slide allows thefuel todrop from a into b,and when closed a may be opened to be recharged. Thesidesof b converge at the bottom to receive the screw-con veyer d,(shown by dotted lines,) the shaft of which,at the back end, passesthrough the casing of b to receive the actuating-belt pulley e, theopposite end of this shaft being prolonged into, and takes hearingthrough a curved feed-pipe, f, of cast-iron, made fast to the end of d,and its lower end secured to an opening at the top of a castironspherical vessel or box, g, made'by preference This chamber, on thefront side of which is a circular opening to receive a flangeddeliverypipe, It, also of cast iron, secured by screws, as shown. 1 I

11 t show two short pipes fixed through and near the top and front sideof g, to' receive airtubes, the directionof the currents from which willbe at an angle of about forty-five degrees downward toward the rear ofthe chamber, or otherwise. j shows a third air-tube, of larger capacitythan those in front, the current from which will be toward the center of.h and across those of i i. The purpose of these crossing aircurrents isto open the particles of fuel as they drop from the feedpipe fand impelthem into the delivery -pipe h, uniformly diffused as a cloud amid thecarrying-current. m shows a bent tube passing through the shell 9 andinto the central line of h, to project the fuel into thecombustion-chamber, for which it will not in all cases be necessary.These four airpipes may be all connected with the same blowingapparatus, or with different blowers, conveyin g hot or cold air, orboth; or in some cases an exhaust may be used with advantage, the

blower being placed within or at the outlet of the train of fines.

n' represents a small bent tube passing through'h and into the center ofm, to conduct steam or fluid hydrocarbon in cases where it may serve toassist the combustion of or increase the heat from the powdered fuel.Some one or more of these tubes may be dispensed with in cases thatpractice will suggest.

I am aware that mineral coal and-certain other fuel substances as finepowder have been used for heating by blowing them into furnaces; alsothat several differing contrivances have been used for blowing thepowdered fuel into the combustion-chamber. Therefore I lay no claim,broadly, to either fuel-pulverization or to feedin gsuch fuel tofurnaces by air-current,or to an apparatus simply therefor, as they areall well known. Peat has the advantage overother pulverized fuel forreasons before assigned, also in itscheapness, particularly in districtsremote from coal deposits, being generally common throughout themanufacturing districts of our country, and my teed apparatus hasadvantage of economy ot'construction, application, and efficiency inimproved working capacity.

Having thus described the nature of myimprovement, the method by whichit is carried into practice is as follows: The peat being converted intoa fine dry powder, as described,

the cloud-chamber secured in proper position convenient to the furnace,and its deliverytube h united thereto by a prolonging pipe of requisitelength and more or less direct, according to their relative positions,with blowing attachment and power added, the hopper a is then chargedwith the pulverized material and the slide 8 withdrawn for it to fallinto the feed hopper b, the slide closed, and a refilled with asupply-charge. The furnace should be provided with an ignitingconvenience-a s a bed of incandescent coal or other fire-over and acrosswhich the powdered fuel is projected and ignited into a vigorous flame,which the impelling -current diffuses through the furnace or material bywhich it is charged;

a p v 274,778

but in many cases the cloud apparatus may be dispensed with and thepulverizer and blower be united to the furnace direct by a conducting-pipe, so that the fuel will be supplied without any intermediatemanipulation.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The described process of supplying peatfuel to furnaces, consistingof first feeding the fuel from a receptacle intoacloud-chamber, thenagitating it by cross-jets, and then forcing it, under pressure, withliquid hydrocarbon-gas, air, or steam jets across a bed of incandescentfuel in a cloud-like form, as described.

2. In an apparatus for conveying powdered peat-fuel to acombustion-chamber or furnace, the combination of a pulverizer, a jetcloudchamber, and a furnace connected by a conducting-pipe for carryingthe said fuel from the mill to the furnace through the agency of andwith an impelling force, substantially as described.

3. In an apparatus for conveying powdered fuel to a combustion-chamberor furnace, the following elements in combination thecloudchamber g,directing outlet-pipe h, and air-jets ij, all arranged and operatingsubstantially as set forth.

4. In an apparatus for conveying powdered fuel to a combustion chamberor furnace, the following elements'in combination: the feedhopper b,conducting-screw d, distributingfeedpipef, cloud-chamber g,'andoutlet-pipe h, constructed and operating substantially as and for theuses set forth.

5. In an apparatus for conveying powdered fuel to a combustion-chamberor furnace, the combination of theoutlet directingpipe h, tubes m n forliquid fuel, air, or steam, and cloud chamber g, constructed, arranged,and

operating substantially as set forth.

and arranged in the manner substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in' presence of two witnesses.

J. BURROWS HYDE. Witnesses:

F. O. MGOLEARY, G. B. HARRIS.

